You are here:

Turning the Searchlight on Social Presence in Online Learning Environment: An Empirical Study
PROCEEDINGS

, Ohio University, United States

Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education International Conference, in San Antonio, Texas, USA ISBN 978-1-880094-61-7 Publisher: Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE), Waynesville, NC USA

Full Text

Abstract

The makeup and flow of dialogue among learners and instructors, the composition and physical arrangement of the classroom, the creativity and credibility of the instructor are some useful factors that can facilitate learner engagement in f2f environments. It is possible to see, hear, and interpret levels of learner engagement on a continuous and immediate basis in f2f environment. This allows a seasoned instructor to manipulate and adapt his/her teaching strategies to the mood and conditions within the classroom. In an online learning environment the luxury of such tangible clues to learners' level of engagement are non existent, forcing the instructor to rely on intangible cues which are at times difficult to discern. It is against this background that this study expounds the understanding of social presence through empirical means. The findings of the study will highlight how social presence could be tapped to enhance teaching and learning in online environments.

Citation

Chongwony, L. (2007). Turning the Searchlight on Social Presence in Online Learning Environment: An Empirical Study. In R. Carlsen, K. McFerrin, J. Price, R. Weber & D. Willis (Eds.), Proceedings of SITE 2007--Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education International Conference (pp. 261-266). San Antonio, Texas, USA: Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE). Retrieved March 6, 2021 from .

Keywords

References

View References & Citations Map
  1. Anderson, T., Rourke, L., Garrison, D.R., and Archer W. (2001). Assessing teaching presence in a computer conferencing context. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 5 (2)
  2. Aragon, S.D., Shaik, S.R. & Palma-Rivas, N. (2000) Comparative analysis of learner satisfaction and learning outcomes in online and face-to-face learning environment. Journal of Interactive Learning Research, 11 (1) 29-49.
  3. Arbaugh, J.B. (2000). Virtual classroom versus physical classroom: An exploratory study of class discussion patterns and student learning in an asynchronous Internet-based MBA course. Journal of Management Education, 24, (2), 213-233
  4. Archer, W., Garrison, D.R., & Anderson, T. (2001). Adopting disruptive technologies in traditional universities: Continuing education as an incubator for innovation. Canadian Journal of University Continuing Education, 25 (1), 13-44.
  5. Burnham, B.R., & Walden, B. (1997). Interactions in distance education: A report from the other side. Paper presented at the 1997 Adult Education Research Conference, Stillwater, OK. Retrieved May 17, 2005, from http://www.edst.educ.ubc.ca/aerc/1997/97burnham.html
  6. Byam, N. (1995). The emergence of community in computer-mediated communication. In S.G. Jones (Ed.) Cybersociety. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
  7. Castells, M. (2001). The internet galaxy: Reflections on the internet, business and society. Oxford University Press
  8. Champness, B.G. (1972). Attitudes towards person-person communications media. University College, London. Unpublished Communications Studies Group Paper No. E/72011/CH.
  9. Christensen, C.M. (1997). The innovator’s dilemma: When new technologies cause great firms to fail. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
  10. Christophel, D.M. (1990). The relationship among teacher immediacy behaviors, student motivation and learning. Communication Education, 37, 323-340.
  11. Cronbach, L.J. (1971). Test validation, American Council on Education, Washington, D.C., pp. 443-507.
  12. Garrison, D.R., Anderson, T. & Archer, W. (2001). Critical thinking, cognitive presence, and computer conferencing in distance education. The American Journal of Distance Education, 15 (1)
  13. Gorham, J. (1988). The relationship between verbal teacher immediacy behaviors and student learning. Communication Education, 37 (1), 40-53.
  14. Gunawardena, C.N., & Zittle, F.J. (1997). Social presence as a predictor of satisfaction within a computer-mediated conferencing environment. The American Journal of Distance Education, 11 (3), 8-26.
  15. Gunawardena, C.N., Lowe, C.A. & Anderson, T. (1997). Analysis of a global online debate and the development of an interaction analysis model for examining social construction of knowledge in computer conferencing. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 17 (4), 397-431.
  16. Hannafin, M. & Peck, K. (1988). The design, development and evaluation of instructional software. New York: MacMillan Publishing.
  17. Held, R., & Durlach, N.I. (1991). Telepresence, time delay, and adaptation. In S.R. Ellis (Ed.). Pictorial communication in virtual and real environments. New York: Taylor and Francis.
  18. Hendrix, C., & Barfield, W. (1996). Presence within virtual environments as a function of visual display parameters. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 5, 274-289.
  19. Hillman, D.C., Wills, D.J. & Gunawardena, C.N. (1994). Learner-interface interaction in distance education: An extension of contemporary models and strategies for practitioners. The American Journal of Distance Education, 8 (2), 30-42.
  20. Hiltz, S.R. (1994). The virtual classroom. Norwood, NJ: Ablex.
  21. Hiltz, S.R. (1997). Impact of college-level courses via asynchronous learning networks: Some preliminary results. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 1 (2)
  22. Hoffman, K.M. (1999). What are faculty saying? eCollege.com, May, 1999
  23. Hoshino, M., Takahashi, M., Oyamada, K., Ohmi, M., & Yoshizawa, T. (1997). Body sway induced by 3d images. In Proceedings of the SPIE, 3012 , 400-407.
  24. Huang, M., & Alessi, N. (1999). Presence as an emotional experience. In J.D. Westwood, H.M. Hoffman, R.A. Robb, & D. Stredney, (Eds.). Medicine meets
  25. Lombard, M., & Ditton, T. (1997). At the heart of it all: The concept of presence. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 3 (2) (html)
  26. Mehrabian, A. (1969). Some referents and measures of non-verbal behavior. Behavior Research Methods and Instrumentation, 1(6), 205-207
  27. Picciano, A.G. (2002). Beyond student perceptions: Issues of interaction, presence and performance in an online course. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks, 6

These references have been extracted automatically and may have some errors. Signed in users can suggest corrections to these mistakes.

Suggest Corrections to References