
Increasing Access to Higher Education Through Open and Distance Learning: Empirical Findings From Mzuzu University, Malawi
ARTICLE
Winner Chawinga, Paxton Zozie, Mzuzu University
IRRODL Volume 17, Number 4, ISSN 1492-3831 Publisher: Athabasca University Press
Abstract
Slowly but surely, open and distance learning (ODL) programmes are being regarded as one of the most practical ways that universities across the world are increasingly adopting in order to increase access to university education. Likewise, Mzuzu University (MZUNI) set up the Centre for Open and Distance Learning (CODL) to oversee the running of these programmes in 2011. In this study, we adopted the Transactional Distance Theory (Moore, 1997) to investigate the modes of instructional systems, benefits or opportunities, and the challenges associated with the delivery of ODL programmes at MZUNI. By self-administering a questionnaire to 350 ODL students and 9 Heads of Department in the Faculty of Education whose programmes are offered through ODL, we found that instructions are mostly delivered to students through print-based instructional materials. The major benefits noted include increased access to quality higher education, affordable tuition fees, and flexibility in payment of fees. However, we established some challenges which need to be addressed by the University which include, delayed feedback of assignments and release of end of semester examination results, absence of information for courses of study, poor communication between the Centre and departments, and poor remuneration for lecturers.
Citation
Chawinga, W. & Zozie, P. (2016). Increasing Access to Higher Education Through Open and Distance Learning: Empirical Findings From Mzuzu University, Malawi. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 17(4),. Athabasca University Press. Retrieved June 6, 2023 from https://www.learntechlib.org/p/173788/.
References
View References & Citations Map- Abimbola, A.E., Omolara, W.O.O., & Fatimah, Y.T. (2015). Assessing the impact of open and distance learning (ODL) in enhancing the status of women in Lagos State. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 174, 1512-1520.
- Akintayo, M.O., & Bunza, M.M. (2000). Perspectives in distance education. Bauchi, Nigeria: Ramadan Publishers.
- Al-Arimi, A.M.A.K. (2014). Distance learning. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 152, 82-88. Increasing Access to Higher Education Through Open and Distance Learning: Empirical Findings From Mzuzu University, Malawi Chawinga and Zozie
- Atkins, D.E., Brown, J.S., & Hammond, A.L. (2007). A review of the open educational resources (OER) movement: Achievements, challenges, and new opportunities. Retrieved from http://www.hewlett.org/uploads/files/ReviewoftheOERMovement.pdf
- Aslam, M. (2000). Education and training for millions: Pedagogical challenges for distance education. Open Learning, 15(3), 309-315.
- Babbie, E. (2004). The practice of social research. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
- Badat, S. (2004). Higher education and society in post-apartheid South Africa. In E. Allen & S. Jeff (Eds.) Ten years on: Changing higher education in a changing world (pp. 2-6). The Open University:
- Bitegeko, M.R. (2010). Challenges facing open and distance learning students: experiences from students of the Open University of Tanzania. (Unpublished master’s thesis). Dodoma, Tanzania: University of Tanzania.
- Bower, B.L., & Hardy, K.P. (2004). From correspondence to cyberspace: Changes and challenges in distance education. New Directions for Community Colleges, 128, 5-12.
- Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101.
- Brennan, J. (2004). The social role of the contemporary university: Contradictions boundaries and change. In E. Allen & S. Jeff (Eds.) Ten years on: Changing higher education in a changing world (pp. 22-26). The Open University: Milton Keynes.
- Chaputula, A.H. (2010). State, adoption and use of ICTs by students and academic staff at Mzuzu University, Malawi. Program: Electronic Library and Information Systems, 46(4), 364-382.
- Chawinga, W.D. (2014). The use of Web 2.0 in teaching and learning at Mzuzu University’s Faculty of Information Science and Communications, Malawi (Unpublished master’s thesis). Bellville, South Africa: Department of Library and Information Science, University of the Western Cape.
- Chimpololo, A. (2010). The prospects and challenges of open learning and distance education in Malawi. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 6, 06-29.
- Commonwealth of Learning. (2002). Distance education and open learning in Sub-Saharan Africa: A literature survey on policy and practice. Retrieved from https://www.col.org/resources/distanceeducation-and-open-learning-sub-saharan-africa-literature-survey-policy-and
- Ekwunife-Orakwue, K.C., & Teng, T.L. (2014). The impact of transactional distance dialogic interactions on student learning outcomes in online and blended environments. Computers & Education, 78, 414-427.
- Flyvbjerg, B. (2006). Five misunderstandings about case-study research. Qualitative Inquiry, 12(2), 219245.
- Garrison, D.R. (2000). Theoretical challenges for distance education in the 21st century: A shift from structural to transactional issues. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 1(1), 1-16.
- Goel, L., Zhang, P., & Templeton, M. (2012). Transactional distance revisited: Bridging face and empirical validity. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(4), 1122-1129.
- Gourley, B., & Lane, A. (2009). Re-invigorating openness at the Open University: The role of open educational resources. Open Learning, 24(1), 57–65.
- Greenberg, G. (1998). Distance education technologies: Best practices for K-12 settings. Technology and Society Magazine, IEEE, 17(4), 36-40.
- Gwede, H. (2014). Challenges, opportunities and priorities for Malawi. Retrieved from www.col.org/about/.../Malawi_Report.pdf
- Holmberg, B. (2005). Theory and practice of distance education. UK, Routledge.
- International Telecommunication Union. (2014). Transforming Africa: The promise of broadband. Retrieved from http://www.itu.int/en/ITUD/Conferences/connect/Documents/Post%20Connect%20Africa%20Summit%20Report%20(English).pdf
- Juma, M.N. (2005). The establishment of a higher education open and distance learning knowledge base for decision makers in Kenya. Nairobi: Kenyatta University Press.
- Kritpracha, C., Kaosaiyaporn, O., & Atisabda, W. (2015). Expectation of educators and students towards a distance learning model in Southernmost Provinces of Thailand. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 174, 2349-2354.
- Lentell, H. (2012). Distance learning in British universities: Is it possible? Open Learning: the Journal of Open, Distance and e-learning, 27(1), 23-36.
- Lin, H. (2014). Contextual factors affecting knowledge management diffusion in SMEs. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 114(9), 1415 – 1437.
- Martindale, J. (2002). The cycle of oppression and distance education. Canada: Athabasca University.
- Mbatha, B., & Naidoo, L. (2010). Bridging the transactional gap in open distance learning (ODL): The case of the University of South Africa (Unisa)..Inkanyiso: Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2(1), 64-69.
- Moore, M.G. (1980). Independent study. In R. Boyd, & J. Apps, (Eds.). Refining the discipline of adult education (pp. 16–31). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
- Moore, M.G. (1997). Theory of transactional distance. Retrieved from http://www.aged.tamu.edu/research/readings/Distance/1997MooreTransDistance.pdf
- Mzuzu University. (2014). Mzuzu university prospectus. Malawi, Mzuzu: Mzuzu University.
- Mzuzu University. (2015). Annual report 2013/2014. Malawi, Mzuzu: Mzuzu University.
- Perraton, H. (2000). Open and distance learning in the developing world. London: Routledge.
- Petroman, C., & Petroman, I. (2013). Improving the development of learning materials for open and distance learning. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 83, 295-299.
- Réka, J., Kármen, D., Susana, F., Kinga, K.J., Edit, M., & Kinga, S. (2015). Implications of motivational factors regarding the academic success of full-time and distance learning undergraduate students: A self-determination theory perspective. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 187, 50-55.
- Sherritt, C. (1996). A Fundamental problem with distance programs in higher education. Retrieved from http://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED389906
- Smith, M.S., & Casserly, C.M. (2006). The promise of open educational resources. Change, 38(5), 8-17.
- Southern Africa Regional Universities Association. (2011). Towards a common future: Higher education in the SADC region. Retrieved from http://www.sarua.org/files/countryreports/CountryReportMalawi.pdf
- Teaster, P., & Blieszner, R. (1999). Promises and pitfalls of the interactive television approach to teaching adult development and aging. Educational Gerontology, 25(8), 741-754.
- The United Nations. (1948). The universal declaration of human rights. Retrieved from http://www.ohchr.org/EN/UDHR/Documents/UDHR_Translations/eng.pdf.
- The United Nations. (1966). International covenant on economic, social and cultural rights. Retrieved from http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/ProfessionalInterest/cescr.pdf.
- Valentine, D. (2002). Distance learning: Promises, problems, and possibilities. Retrieved from http://www.westga.edu/~distance/ojdla/fall53/valentine53.html.
- Wilson, T. (2008). New ways of mediating learning: Investigating the implications of adopting open educational resources for tertiary education at an institution in the United Kingdom as compared to one in South Africa. The International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 9(1), 1-19.
- Zirnkle, C. (2001). Access barriers in distance education. Contemporary Education, 72(2), 39-42.
These references have been extracted automatically and may have some errors. Signed in users can suggest corrections to these mistakes.
Suggest Corrections to ReferencesCited By
View References & Citations Map-
Factors affecting asynchronous e-learning quality in developing countries university settings
Kennedy Hadullo, Technical University of Mombasa, Kenya; Robert Oboko & Elijah Omwenga, University of Nairobi, Kenya
International Journal of Education and Development using ICT Vol. 14, No. 1 (Apr 29, 2018)
-
Increasing Access to Higher Education Through Open and Distance Learning: Empirical Findings From Mzuzu University, Malawi
Winner Chawinga & Paxton Zozie, Mzuzu University
The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning Vol. 17, No. 4 (Jul 08, 2016)
These links are based on references which have been extracted automatically and may have some errors. If you see a mistake, please contact info@learntechlib.org.