Search results for author:" Garrison"
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MELLOW MUSHROOM: STAY GROUNDED OR SCHEDULEFLY?
Lauren Craton; Samuel Garrison; Muhammad Karim; Jason Stokes
Journal of Information Technology Education: Discussion Cases Vol. 5 (May 05, 2016)
Mike, the head manager of Mellow Mushroom Tampa, is considering replacing his manual employee scheduling system with an automated system named Schedulefly. As he considers the complexities of the system and its potential implications for employees,...
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Literature Circles Go Digital
Karen Bromley; Michelle Faughnan; Susan Ham; Melissa Miller; Traci Armstrong; Cassandra Crandall; Julia Garrison; Nicholas Marrone
Reading Teacher Vol. 68, No. 3 (November 2014) pp. 229–236
This article describes a literature circle of seven pre-service teacher education students who read "Al Capone Shines My Shoes" (G. Choldenko, 2009). Students used the Internet to complete their roles, shared what they learned as they...
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Institutional change and leadership associated with blended learning innovation: Two case studies
D. Randy Garrison; Norman D. Vaughan
Internet and Higher Education Vol. 18, No. 1 (July 2013) pp. 24–28
This article documents the institutional change and leadership associated with blended learning innovation in higher education. Two case studies are provided that demonstrate how transformational institutional change related to blended teaching and...
Language: English
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Exploring Relationships between Setting Up Complex Tasks and Opportunities to Learn in Concluding Whole-Class Discussions in Middle-Grades Mathematics Instruction
Kara Jackson; Anne Garrison; Jonee Wilson; Lynsey Gibbons; Emily Shahan
Journal for Research in Mathematics Education Vol. 44, No. 4 (July 2013) pp. 646–682
This article specifies how the setup, or introduction, of cognitively demanding tasks is a crucial phase of middle-grades mathematics instruction. The authors report on an empirical study of 165 middle-grades mathematics teachers' instruction...
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Toward the development of a metacognition construct for communities of inquiry
D.R. Garrison; Zehra Akyol
Internet and Higher Education Vol. 17, No. 1 (April 2013) pp. 84–89
Metacognition is a required cognitive ability to achieve deep and meaningful learning that must be viewed from both an individual and social perspective. Recently, the transition from the earliest individualistic models to an acknowledgement of...
Language: English
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Article review - Social presence within the community of inquiry framework
Garrison
International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning Vol. 13, No. 1 (Jan 17, 2012) pp. 250–253
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Assessing metacognition in an online community of inquiry
Zehra Akyol; D. Randy Garrison
Internet and Higher Education Vol. 14, No. 3 (July 2011) pp. 183–190
Metacognition is an important aspect of human intelligence and higher learning. There is the recognition that metacognition is not just a private internal activity but also socially situated. In this context, the purpose of this research is to...
Language: English
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The Impact of Course Duration on the Development of a Community of Inquiry
Zehra Akyol; Norm Vaughan; D Randy Garrison
Interactive Learning Environments Vol. 19, No. 3 (2011) pp. 231–246
This study investigated the effect of time on the development of a community of inquiry by examining an online course offered over two different time periods. The study was guided by the Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework (Garrison, Anderson, &...
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The first decade of the community of inquiry framework: A retrospective
D. Randy Garrison; Terry Anderson; Walter Archer
Internet and Higher Education Vol. 13, No. 1 (January 2010) pp. 5–9
This article provides a personal perspective about the development of the seminal papers associated with the Community of Inquiry Framework. The framework and its construction are described. The main part of the paper explores the evolution of the...
Language: English
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Exploring causal relationships among teaching, cognitive and social presence: Student perceptions of the community of inquiry framework
D.R. Garrison; Martha Cleveland-Innes; Tak Shing Fung
Internet and Higher Education Vol. 13, No. 1 (January 2010) pp. 31–36
The causal relationships among the three presences in the Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework are explored and tested in this paper. The CoI framework has been used extensively in the research and practice of online and blended learning contexts....
Language: English
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The relationship between course socio-epistemological orientations and student perceptions of community of inquiry
Zehra Akyol; Phil Ice; Randy Garrison; Rob Mitchell
Internet and Higher Education Vol. 13, No. 1 (January 2010) pp. 66–68
The Community of Inquiry Framework is based on the premise that online learning is a collaborative constructivist activity. However, not all courses are similarly oriented. In general, courses can be divided into constructivist and objectivist. In...
Language: English
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Online and blended communities of inquiry: Exploring the developmental and perceptional differences
Zehra Akyol; D Garrison; M Ozden
International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning Vol. 10, No. 6 (Dec 14, 2009) pp. 65–83
This paper discusses findings of a mixed method approach to a study of the development of a community of inquiry in an online and a blended learning environment. A graduate course delivered online and in a blended format was the context of the study....
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Synthetic Excellence: Standards, Play, and Unintended Outcomes
D Garcia; Garrison LeMasters
Journal of Virtual Worlds Research Vol. 2, No. 3 (Sep 17, 2009)
Today, more and more efforts are devoted to promoting an open network environment (Libicki 2000). This growing enthusiasm for interoperability is understandable, given the economics of networks. (Shapiro and Varian, 1998; Varian, Shapiro, and...
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Role of Instructional Technology in the Transformation of Higher Education
D R. Garrison; Zehra Akyol
Journal of Computing in Higher Education Vol. 21, No. 1 (April 2009) pp. 19–30
It is argued in this article that the convergence of collaborative constructivist ideas and emerging instructional technologies are transforming higher education. The article begins with an overview of instructional and communications technology and ...
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Implications of Online Learning for the Conceptual Development and Practice of Distance Education
Randy Garrison
The Journal of Distance Education / Revue de l'ducation Distance Vol. 23, No. 2 (2009) pp. 93–103
The purpose of this article is to examine the foundational principles and practices of distance education for the purpose of understanding recent developments in the areas of online and blended learning. It is argued that mainstream distance...
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Methods and Strategies for Creating a Culture of Collections Assessment at Comprehensive Universities
Heath Martin; Kimberley Robles-Smith; Julie Garrison; Doug Way
Journal of Electronic Resources Librarianship Vol. 21, No. 3 (2009) pp. 213–236
Differing from those of their liberal arts and Association of Research Libraries counterparts, today's comprehensive universities face a variety of unique challenges and opportunities when it comes to assessing their collections. This article looks...
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A Response to the Review of the Community of Inquiry Framework
Zehra Akyol; J Ben Arbaugh; Marti Cleveland-Innes; D Randy Garrison; Phil Ice; Jennifer C. Richardson; Karen Swan
The Journal of Distance Education / Revue de l'ducation Distance Vol. 23, No. 2 (2009) pp. 123–135
The Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework has become a prominent model of teaching and learning in online and blended learning environments. Considerable research has been conducted which employs the framework with promising results, resulting in...
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THE DEVELOPMENT OF A COMMUNITY OF INQUIRY OVER TIME IN AN ONLINE COURSE: UNDERSTANDING THE PROGRESSION AND INTEGRATION OF SOCIAL, COGNITIVE AND TEACHING PRESENCE
Zehra Akyol; D. Garrison
Online Learning Journal Vol. 12, No. 3 (Dec 17, 2008)
The purpose of this study was to explore the dynamics of an online educational experience through the lens of the Community of Inquiry framework. Transcript analysis of online discussion postings and the Community of Inquiry survey were applied in...
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The Development of a Community of Inquiry over Time in an Online Course: Understanding the Progression and Integration of Social, Cognitive and Teaching Presence
Zehra Akyol; D Randy Garrison
Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks Vol. 12, No. 3 (December 2008) pp. 3–22
The purpose of this study was to explore the dynamics of an online educational experience through the lens of the Community of Inquiry framework. Transcript analysis of online discussion postings and the Community of Inquiry survey were applied to...
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Researching Online Communities of Inquiry: New CoI Survey Instrument
Karen Swan; Jennifer Richardson; Philip Ice; Peter Shea; Martha Cleveland-Innes; Sebastian Diaz; Randy Garrison
World Conference on Educational Media and Technology 2008 (Jun 30, 2008) pp. 5812–5820
The Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework developed by Garrison, Anderson and Archer (2000) provides a theoretical model of online learning processes that has been used by many scholars in the field of online education. However, research utilizing...
Topics: Educational Technology, Distance Education, Community, Instructional Design, Networking Technologies
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Community of Inquiry Framework: Validation and instrument development
Ben Arbaugh; Marti Cleveland-Innes; Sebastian Diaz; Randy Garrison; Phil Ice; Jennifer Richardson; Peter Shea; Karen Swan
International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning Vol. 9, No. 2 (Jun 30, 2008)
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Developing a community of inquiry instrument: Testing a measure of the Community of Inquiry framework using a multi-institutional sample
J.B. Arbaugh; Martha Cleveland-Innes; Sebastian R. Diaz; D. Randy Garrison; Philip Ice; Jennifer C. Richardson; Karen P. Swan
Internet and Higher Education Vol. 11, No. 3 (2008) pp. 133–136
This article reports on the multi-institutional development and validation of an instrument that attempts to operationalize Garrison, Anderson and Archer's Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework (2000). The results of the study suggest that the...
Language: English
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Educators’ Perceptions of Learning Object Brokerage.
Nipan Maniar; William Garrison; Chris Simms; Emily Bennett
World Conference on Educational Media and Technology 2007 (Jun 25, 2007) pp. 2900–2905
A learning object broker service aims to facilitate the easy purchasing and selling of learning objects, thus enabling the efficient creation of course content. Although the success of such a service ultimately depends on it being accepted by...
Topics: Learning Objects
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Online Community of Inquiry Review: Social, Cognitive, and Teaching Presence Issues
D R. Garrison
Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks Vol. 11, No. 1 (April 2007) pp. 61–72
This paper explores four issues that have emerged from the research on social, cognitive and teaching presence in an online community of inquiry. The early research in the area of online communities of inquiry has raised several issues with regard...
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Missing the Forest for the Trees
Olga Maia Amaral; Leslie Garrison
Journal of Science Education and Technology Vol. 16, No. 2 (April 2007) pp. 155–169
This case study examines the alignment between the Intended Curriculum, Implemented Curriculum and Achieved Curriculum of a fourth grade inquiry based unit, "Food Chains and Webs." Specifically addressed are how the curriculum was modified to meet...
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Researching the community of inquiry framework: Review, issues, and future directions
D. Randy Garrison; J.B. Arbaugh
Internet and Higher Education Vol. 10, No. 3 (2007) pp. 157–172
Since its publication in "The Internet and Higher Education", Garrison, Anderson, and Archer's [Garrison, D. R., Anderson, T., & Archer, W. (2000). Critical inquiry in a text-based environment: Computer conferencing in higher education. "The...
Language: English
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Role Adjustment for Learners in an Online Community of Inquiry: Identifying the Challenges of Incoming Online Learners
Martha Cleveland-Innes; Randy Garrison; Ellen Kinsel
International Journal of Web-Based Learning and Teaching Technologies Vol. 2, No. 1 (January 2007) pp. 1–16
This study outlines the process of adjustment learners experience when first participating in an online environment. Findings from a pilot study of adjustment to online learning environments validate differences found in three presences in an online ...
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A Blended Faculty Community of Inquiry: Linking Leadership, Course Redesign, and Evaluation
Norman Vaughan; Randy Garrison
Canadian Journal of University Continuing Education Vol. 32, No. 2 (2006) pp. 67–92
This article describes an institutional course redesign initiative in terms of leadership, support, and preliminary findings, based on the Inquiry Through Blended Learning (ITBL) program created to support faculty engaging in blended course redesign....
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Revisiting methodological issues in transcript analysis: Negotiated coding and reliability
D.R. Garrison; M. Cleveland-Innes; Marguerite Koole; James Kappelman
Internet and Higher Education Vol. 9, No. 1 (2006) pp. 1–8
Transcript analysis is an important methodology to study asynchronous online educational discourse. The purpose of this study is to revisit reliability and validity issues associated with transcript analysis. The goal is to provide researchers with...
Language: English
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Impact of Operating Systems on Fast-food Restaurant Business: Case Development Process
Michael Garrison
Journal of STEM Education Vol. 4, No. 1 (Aug 04, 2005)
Impact of Operating Systems on Fast-food Restaurant Business: Case Development Process
Language: English
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Creating cognitive presence in a blended faculty development community
Norman Vaughan; D. Randy Garrison
Internet and Higher Education Vol. 8, No. 1 (2005) pp. 1–12
The focus of this study was to understand how a blended learning approach can support the inquiry process (cognitive presence) in a faculty development context. The findings from this study indicate that there are several key differences and...
Language: English
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Facilitating Cognitive Presence in Online Learning: Interaction is Not Enough
D Randy Garrison; Martha Cleveland-Innes
American Journal of Distance Education Vol. 19, No. 3 (2005) pp. 133–148
This study assessed the depth of online learning, with a focus on the nature of online interaction in four distance education course designs. The Study Process Questionnaire was used to measure the shift in students' approach to learning from the...
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Social Contexts, Defensive Pedagogies, and the (Mis)uses of Educational Technology
Mark J. Garrison; Hank Bromley
Educational Policy Vol. 18, No. 4 (September 2004) pp. 589–613
This article contributes to the growing body of research exploring the importance of the social context in shaping the use of educational technologies. It presents the results of a 3 1/2-year instrumental case study examining the power of the social ...
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Cognitive Presence in Online Learning
Heather Kanuka; D Randy Garrison
Journal of Computing in Higher Education Vol. 15, No. 2 (March 2004) pp. 21–39
The purpose of this study was to advance understanding of how to facilitate higher levels of learning when using asynchronous text-based Internet communication technology. The framework used to guide this study is based on the community of inquiry...
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Blended learning: Uncovering its transformative potential in higher education
D.Randy Garrison; Heather Kanuka
Internet and Higher Education Vol. 7, No. 2 (2004) pp. 95–105
The purpose of this paper is to provide a discussion of the transformative potential of blended learning in the context of the challenges facing higher education. Based upon a description of blended learning, its potential to support deep and...
Language: English
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A Manifesto for Instructional Technology: Hyperpedagogy
Jim Dwight; Jim Garrison
Teachers College Record Vol. 105, No. 5 (2003) pp. 699–728
Calls for digital technology in education to embrace forms of pedagogy appropriate for hypertext, challenging western metaphysics and relying on the philosophy of John Dewey to propose an alternative. The paper reviews dominant models of curriculum, ...
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A Web-Based Compendium of Clinical Questions and Medical Evidence To Educate Internal Medicine Residents
Steven H. Crowley; Thomas A. Owens; Connie M. Schardt; Sarah I. Wardell; Josh Peterson; Scott Garrison; Sheri A. Keitz
Academic Medicine Vol. 78, No. 3 (2003) pp. 270–74
Describes an electronic database of clinical questions (CQs) and medical evidence, the Critical Appraisal Resource (CAR). Evaluation of ten months of use found that medical residents did engage the medical literature on behalf of their patients,...
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Critical Thinking, Cognitive Presence, and Computer Conferencing in Distance Education
D Randy Garrison; Terry Anderson; Walter Archer
American Journal of Distance Education Vol. 15, No. 1 (2001) pp. 7–23
Presents encouraging empirical findings related to an attempt to create an efficient and reliable instrument to assess the nature and quality of critical discourse and thinking in a text-based educational context. Suggests that cognitive presence ...
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Theoretical Challenges for Distance Education in the 21st Century: A Shift from Structural to Transactional Issues
Randy Garrison
International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning Vol. 1, No. 1 (Jun 01, 2000)
Randy Garrison Abstract The premise of this article is that theoretical frameworks and models are essential to the long-term credibility and viability of a field of practice. In order to assess the theoretical challenges facing the field of...
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Adopting Disruptive Technologies in Traditional Universities: Continuing Education as an Incubator for Innovation
Walter Archer; Terry Anderson; Randy Garrison
Canadian Journal of University Continuing Education Vol. 25, No. 1 (1999) pp. 13–30
Traditional universities are feeling the impact of "disruptive technologies" such as distance education. Seeing how businesses have responded to such disruptions, universities should "incubate" innovations in a semiautonomous unit such as continuing ...
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Avoiding the Industrialization of Research Universities: Big and Little Distance Education
D Randy Garrison; Terry D. Anderson
American Journal of Distance Education Vol. 13, No. 2 (1999) pp. 48–63
In contrast to the big industrial mode of distance education, an approach to distance education called "little distance education," is described that is consistent with the traditional goals and values of creating knowledge through a critical...
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Assessing Social Presence in Asynchronous Text-based Computer Conferencing
Liam Rourke; Terry Anderson; D Randy Garrison; Walter Archer
The Journal of Distance Education / Revue de l'ducation Distance Vol. 14, No. 2 (1999) pp. 50–71
Discusses computer conferencing in higher education, presents a community of inquiry model that includes benefits of computer conferencing, and discusses social presence, defined as the ability of learners to project themselves socially and...
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Computer Conferencing and Higher-Order Learning
K. FABRO; D. GARRISON
Indian Journal of Open Learning Vol. 7, No. 1 (1998) pp. 41–54
This paperreports the results of an exploratory study of student experiences and perspectives with regard to learning in a graduate-level computer conferencing environment. Surveys, interviews and a modified focus group were used to provide insight...
Language: English
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Computer Conferencing: The Post-Industrial Age of Distance Education
D Randy Garrison
Open Learning Vol. 12, No. 2 (1997) pp. 3–11
Contrasts the dominant view of distance education as mass production and independent study (industrial model) with an emerging view incorporating interactive communications technology and personalized and collaborative learning (postindustrial model)...
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Critical Thinking in Distance Education: Developing Critical Communities in an Audio Teleconference Context
Terry D. Anderson; D R. Garrison
Higher Education: The International Journal of Higher Education and Educational Planning Vol. 29, No. 2 (1995) pp. 183–99
A discussion of socially situated learning, critical thinking, and implications for distance education looks at a study of learners' perceptions while enrolled in two different models of audio teleconference-delivered university courses. It is...
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Transactional Issues in Distance Education: The Impact of Design in Audioteleconferencing
Terry D. Anderson; D Randy Garrison
American Journal of Distance Education Vol. 9, No. 2 (1995) pp. 27–45
Reports on a study of student perceptions of learning via audioconferencing using two distinct instructional designs in university-level courses delivered at a distance. The use of field observations, interviews, focus groups, and mail surveys is...
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A Cognitive Constructivist View of Distance Education: An Analysis of Teaching-Learning Assumptions
D R. Garrison
Distance Education Vol. 14, No. 2 (1993) pp. 199–211
Explores the assumptions of the teaching-learning process in distance education. Cognitive constructivist learning theory is used to clarify current and emerging assumptions regarding teaching and learning at a distance. Observations are made...
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An Analysis and Evaluation of Audio Teleconferencing to Facilitate Education at a Distance
D R. Garrison
American Journal of Distance Education Vol. 4, No. 3 (1990) pp. 13–24
Discusses the use of audio teleconferencing in distance education. Types of communication and interaction that are necessary in distance education are described, including learner-content, learner-instructor, and learner-learner; the institutional...
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Education of the Information Professional: New Dimensions, New Directions. Part V: The Future
Guy Garrison
Journal of the American Society for Information Science Vol. 39, No. 5 (1988) pp. 362–66
Describes trends in information science education, including the development of multiple programs, undergraduate programs, and mergers of library and information science programs into larger academic units. The discussion covers the need for...
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Researching Dropout in Distance Education
D R. Garrison
Distance Education Vol. 8, No. 1 (1987) pp. 95–101
Presents a critical analysis of research explaining dropout in distance education, and suggests the direction of future studies needed to form new theories regarding dropout. Highlights include discussions of mediated communication, audio...